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Neural Networks

Deep Belief Network

Stacked probabilistic layers trained greedily — a stepping stone to modern deep learning.

Built by training restricted Boltzmann machines one layer at a time, then fine-tuning the stack. In the mid-2000s this was the practical answer to the problem that deep networks would not train.

Better activations, initialisation schemes and far more data made the greedy pre-training step unnecessary, but the architecture is a fair marker of where deep learning restarted.

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